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Indian Pediatr 2013;50: 805 |
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News in Brief |
Gouri Rao Passi,
Email:
[email protected]
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Drug Shortage in Pediatric DOTS
A major crisis in the RNTCP program seems imminent.
It is common knowledge that India bears the largest burden of TB in the
world with two people dying every three minutes despite the country
spending Rs 300 crore annually to detect and treat TB. Since 1993 when
the RNTCP launched the DOTS program, tuberculosis mortality has dropped
from 28% to 7%. But all this may be reduced to rubble due to an
antiquated drug procurement system and careless government departments.
It appears that the country is on the brink of a major drug stock out
especially for pediatric anti-tubercular drugs. Children infected with
tuberculosis are being turned away from DOTS centers. And the patients
cannot approach the private sector since the regimens and schedules are
different, usually an alternate day program.The tendering for the drugs
which had to be done in 2011 was not done. As a consequence, drugs for
2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13 have not been bought. The Joint Monitoring
Mission of the STOP TB program at the WHO had warned the Government of
an impending stock out and yet measures were not taken in time. The
consequence is glaringly obvious – a rise in both tuberculosis and drug
resistant tuberculosis. Incensed, the National Human Rights Commission
has issued notice to the Union Health and Family Welfare Secretary and
Health Secretaries of all States. The time has come to overhaul the
outdated drug procurement system and relook at the way health is being
managed at the national level (The Hindu 19 June 2013, BMJ
2013;347:f4301).
Medical Aid for Uttarakhand
An acute shortage of essential medicines is one of
the problems being combated in the flood ravaged areas of Uttarakhand.
Incessant rain and disconnected roads have meant that medicine worth
lakhs are lying dumped unable to reach the victims. The task of
distributing medicines to the affected parts of Uttarakhand is currently
going on with the help of Central Medical Store Depot based in Dehradun.
Dr Panthari, President, Uttarakhand Aushadhi Vyayasayi Mahasangh, says
"We have stocked medicines at Srinagar and Rudraprayag to be sent to
remote areas of the worst hit Guptakashi, Gauchar and Joshimath areas of
Chamoli District with the relief material but the task seems to be
difficult with each passing day because crucial road links have been
breached." Eight trucks of medicines on a daily basis are being sent to
the affected districts of Uttarakhand like Rudraprayag, Chamoli and
Uttarkashi (http://www.pharmabiz.com, 3 July 2013).
The Golden Hour
Fifty percent of fatalities could be averted in road
traffic accident victims if medical attention is provided in the first
golden hour after injury. The recent global report on road safety by the
WHO notes that only 11%-49% seriously injured victims are rushed to
hospital by ambulances in India, whereas 70% of crash victims make it to
emergency facilities in China and over 75% in Brazil. Recognizing this,
the government is starting a pilot project. In the next couple of
months, all victims of road accidents occurring on Gurgaon-Jaipur
stretch of NH-8 would get free medical treatment, including
hospitalization, for first 48 hours after any crash. As per the plan,
Centre will provide Rs 20 crore for the cashless project. There would be
a maximum cap of Rs 30,000 for free treatment of accident victims. Local
volunteers will be trained as first responders in AIIMS, Delhi. They
will inform a control room which will be linked to the ambulance
service. The Government has also recently adopted a national Ambulance
Code which stipulates minimum provisions and guidelines for ambulances
in keeping with global best practices. It is hoped that if this project
is successful, it will be replicated in the other National Highways
network (The Hindu 22, June 2013, The Times of India 26 March 2013).
Rudimentary Liver from Human Stem Cells
Japanese scientists have developed a rudimentary liver
which functions in a mouse from human stem cells. TakamoriTekebe of the
Yokohoma City University began with induced pleuripotent stem cells (iPS
cells). They then coaxed these cells to express liver genes. Then they
added endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells and noticed that they
began to self-organize into three-dimensional structures.In the current
work, Takebe transplanted buds surgically at sites in the cranium or the
abdomen. In future work, Takebe hopes to create liver buds small enough
to be delivered intravenously in mice and, eventually, in humans. He
also hopes to transplant the buds to the liver itself, where he hopes
they will form bile ducts.The transplanted animals need to be observed
for several more months to see whether the cells begin to degenerate or
form tumors.This is the first time that people have made a solid organ
using induced pluripotent stem cells but testing whether liver buds
could help actual patients is years away (Nature 3 July 2013).
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